开源日报 每天推荐一个 GitHub 优质开源项目和一篇精选英文科技或编程文章原文，坚持阅读《开源日报》，保持每日学习的好习惯。
今日推荐开源项目：《什么都有一点 water.css》
今日推荐英文原文：《9 Ways to Improve Your Google Search Results》

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今日推荐开源项目：《什么都有一点 water.css》传送门：项目链接
推荐理由：这个项目是一个简单的 css 库，对于那些简单的 HTML 页面来说，这个库可以从各方面都对其显示的效果进行一点简单的改造，最后达到一个简单的好看的效果——不管是各种表单控件还是斜体黑体各种样式的文字，连表格都提供了美化样式，而这些都只需要简单的引入这个库即可实现。

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今日推荐英文原文：《9 Ways to Improve Your Google Search Results》作者：Ali Haider
原文链接：https://medium.com/better-programming/9-ways-to-improve-your-google-search-results-9b1a03bad645
推荐理由：求人先求己的第一步就是学会查谷歌

9 Ways to Improve Your Google Search Results

Knowing how to Google for answers is a key part of any dev’s job

Google is a powerful tool, but you’re missing out on a lot of that power if you simply type words into it. Today, we will remove the training wheels and unleash Google’s true potential that you have not seen before. We all type phrases into Google, then it shows results, and we search through them. This is the incorrect way — or rather inefficient use of mighty Google. But why is just typing words into Google not that great? On average, over 3.8 million searches are being made every minute. Google has the difficult task of catering to all these people from different parts of the world, of different ages, and with different needs. Google somehow has to keep them all happy. So it averages out the results or, in other words, shows a wide range of results. You will get search results by the method mentioned above, but they won’t be tailored to your needs. As a result, you will keep searching forever or miss out on the best results. The algorithms behind Google’s searches can lead to a lot of irrelevant results. But this is what we will uncover today: how to use appropriate operators to get the results we truly need and weed out the rest.

1. Outdated Results

If you are searching for something related to technology or computer science, you need to have the latest results in front of you. Surprisingly, Google will sometimes return results that are a decade old. Here is a simple and quick solution:

• Go to “Tools.”
• Click on “Any time.”
• Click on the past year or whatever you prefer.

2. Exact Phrase

This is a powerful technique in which you narrow down the results, thus obtaining the best ones. To search for exact phrases, wrap your words in double quotes (e.g. “Python”). This way, Google will precisely search for that word only. The main difference between just typing straight away and using an operator is that you will get a wide variety of results when you type directly. The results might be irrelevant. When you are confident that you know what you are looking for, wrap your phrases in double quotes and see the difference.

3. Search for Specific File Type

Sometimes, you need a PDF, JPEG, or flash file. You can use the filetype: operator. For example, if you were searching for a PPT file:

4. Search From a Specific Site

This is something I use very often and absolutely love. Suppose you love a website and want the result from that website only. Or you trust a website, it has authority, and you know you will get the best information regarding your query from that specific website. Then you can use the site: operator. Whenever I have any doubt regarding any computer science concept, I usually refer to medium.com to get accurate and top-notch content in seconds:

5. The * Operator

Often, we don’t remember the information completely — be it a name or lyrics. By using the * operator, we can let Google know that the information is missing in between. Google then takes appropriate action.

6. Exclude Words With a —

If you don’t want specific words to appear in the search results, use this operator by starting with a dash.

7. The or Operator

This operator is used to search for more than one phrase. This gives additional words for Google to look for. To use it, write your phrases on either side of “or.”

8. Compulsory Word

This is a convenient and powerful operator that I use quite often. While performing a Google search, you can tell Google to place great importance on specific words and include them as a requirement.

9. Search for a Definition

Looking for a definition of something is common on Google. To return results with a definition, use the define: operator: Thanks for reading!

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开源日报 每天推荐一个 GitHub 优质开源项目和一篇精选英文科技或编程文章原文，坚持阅读《开源日报》，保持每日学习的好习惯。
今日推荐开源项目：《甚至没有类 water.css》
今日推荐英文原文：《5 open source tools for teaching young children to read》

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今日推荐开源项目：《甚至没有类 water.css》传送门：GitHub链接
推荐理由：这是一个里面没有一个自定义类的 CSS 文件——只不过它改装了那些默认的标签，从而让你在需要简单的写点什么的时候不需要自己再去整一些新的样式把原来的样式覆盖掉。虽然在网页很简单的时候它的加入已经足够，但是在网页开始变得复杂的时候它并不能帮你省下太多的功夫，该自己动手的地方还是要自己动手的。
我只是想写点简单的演示内容，所以我不想给它们加上样式，但是默认样式真的太丑了。——作者

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今日推荐英文原文：《5 open source tools for teaching young children to read》作者： Laura B. Janusek
原文链接：https://opensource.com/article/19/4/early-literacy-tools
推荐理由：幼儿阅读教学工具

5 open source tools for teaching young children to read

Anyone who sees a child using a tablet or smartphone observes their seemingly innate ability to scroll through apps and swipe through screens, flexing those “digital native” muscles. According to Common Sense Media, the percentage of US households in which 0- to 8-year-olds have access to a smartphone has grown from 52% in 2011 to 98% in 2017. While the debates around age guidelines and screen time surge, it’s hard to deny that children are developing familiarity and skills with technology at an unprecedented rate.

This rise in early technical literacy may be astonishing, but what about traditional literacy, the good old-fashioned ability to read? What does the intersection of early literacy development and early tech use look like? Let’s explore some open source tools for early learners that may help develop both of these critical skill sets.

Balancing risks and rewards

But first, a disclaimer: Guidelines for technology use, especially for young children, are constantly changing. Organizations like the American Academy of Pediatrics, Common Sense Media, Zero to Three, and PBS Kids are continually conducting research and publishing recommendations. One position that all of these and other organizations can agree on is that plopping a child in front of a screen with unmonitored content for an unlimited set of time is highly inadvisable.

Even setting kids up with educational content or tools for extended periods of time may have risks. And on the flip side, research on the benefits of education technologies is often limited or unavailable. In short, there are many cases in which we don’t know for certain if educational technology use at a young age is beneficial, detrimental, or simply neutral.

But if screen time is available to your child or student, it’s logical to infer that educational resources would be preferable over simpler pop-the-bubble or slice-the-fruit games or platforms that could house inappropriate content or online predators. While we may not be able to prove that education apps will make a child’s test scores soar, we can at least take comfort in their generally being safer and more age-appropriate than the internet at large.

That said, if you’re open to exploring early-education technologies, there are many reasons to look to open source options. Open source technologies are not only free but open to collaborative improvement. In many cases, they are created by developers who are educators or parents themselves, and they’re a great way to avoid in-app purchases, advertisements, and paid upgrades. Open source programs can often be downloaded and installed on your device and accessed without an internet connection. Plus, the idea of open source in education is a growing trend, and there are countless resources to learn more about the concept.

But for now, let’s check out some open source tools for early literacy in action!

Childsplay

Let’s start simple. Childsplay, licensed under the GPLv2, is the most basic of the resources on this list. It’s a compilation of just over a dozen educational games for young learners, four of which are specific to letter recognition, including memory games and an activity where the learner identifies a spoken letter.

eduActiv8

eduActiv8 started in 2011 as a personal project for the developer’s son, “whose thirst for learning and knowledge inspired the creation of this educational program.” It includes activities for building basic math and early literacy skills, including a variety of spelling, matching, and listening activities. Games include filling in missing letters in the alphabet, unscrambling letters to form a word, matching words to images, and completing mazes by connecting letters in the correct order. eduActiv8 was written in Python and is available under the GPLv3.

GCompris

GCompris is an open source behemoth (licensed under the GPLv3) of early educational activities. A French software engineer started it in 2000, and it now includes over 130 educational games in nearly 20 languages. Tailored for learners under age 10, it includes activities for letter recognition and drawing, alphabet sequencing, vocabulary building, and games like hangman to identify missing letters in words, plus activities for learning braille. It also includes games in math and music, plus classics from tic-tac-toe to chess.

Feed the Monster

The quality of the playful “monster” graphics in Feed the Monster definitely sets it apart from the others on this list, plus it supports nearly 40 languages! The app includes activities for sorting letters to form words, memory games to match words to images, and letter-tracing writing activities. The app is developed by Curious Learning, which states: “We create, localize, distribute, and optimize open source mobile software so every child can learn to read.” While Feed the Monster’s offerings are geared toward early readers, Curious Mind’s roadmap suggests it’s headed towards a more robust personalized literacy platform growing on a foundation of research with MIT, Tufts, and Georgia State University.

Syntax Untangler

Syntax Untangler is the outlier of this group. Developed by a technologist at the University of Wisconsin–Madison under the GPLv2, the application is “particularly designed for training language learners to recognize and parse linguistic features.” Examples show the software being used for foreign language learning, but anyone can use it to create language identification games, including games for early literacy activities like letter recognition. It could also be applied to later literacy skills, like identifying parts of speech in complex sentences or literary techniques in poetry or fiction.

Wrapping up

Access to literary environments has been shown to impact literacy and attitudes towards reading. Why not strive to create a digital literary environment for our kids by filling our devices with educational technologies, just like our shelves are filled with books?

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