开源日报 每天推荐一个 GitHub 优质开源项目和一篇精选英文科技或编程文章原文，坚持阅读《开源日报》，保持每日学习的好习惯。
今日推荐开源项目：《Mindustry》
今日推荐英文原文：《Biden’s stimulus plan for the US: Here’s what’s in it, including a second check》

---

今日推荐开源项目：《Mindustry》传送门：项目链接
推荐理由：Mindustry是由AnukenDev开发和发行的一款开放式的塔防游戏。在这款游戏中，你的防御塔将不再像一般的塔防游戏一样可以无限开火，而是需要你将炮弹通过传送带运到炮塔上，因此你需要设计一系列合理的供应路线，同时生产基本的材料，保卫你的基地。游戏还支持多人跨平台游戏和PVP模式。

---

今日推荐英文原文：《Biden’s stimulus plan for the US: Here’s what’s in it, including a second check》作者：Oscar Gonzalez
原文链接：https://www.cnet.com/personal-finance/bidens-stimulus-plan-for-the-us-heres-whats-in-it-including-a-second-check/
推荐理由：今年的美国大选尘埃落定, 川普结束了自己的总统生涯, 拜登走马上任. 面对疫情带来的经济萧条, 拜登开展了一系列刺激经济的计划, 并将在本周召开专家座谈会, 以使得美国经济恢复正轨.

Biden’s stimulus plan for the US: Here’s what’s in it, including a second check

Joe Biden won’t be sworn in as America’s 46th president of the United States until Jan. 20, but he already has a stance on COVID-19 relief. He created the Emergency Action Plan to Save the Economy as part of his presidential campaign, a document that provides insight on the direction he may lean once he takes office. “Our work begins with getting COVID under control,” Biden Saturday night during his victory speech (you can watch it here). “We cannot restore the economy…until we get it under control.” On Sunday, the US reported an average of more than 100,000 new COVID-19 cases over the last week, The Washington Post reported, with over 1,000 deaths related to the coronavirus five out of the past seven days. Biden is also expected to share more details of his coronavirus response plan this week, including more stimulus aid for Americans. Negotiations on the eventual bill between Democrats and Republicans will be likely, though they may not be smooth. The route to passing another stimulus package before and after the inauguration is projected to be rocky, contentious and extremely partisan. Biden’s initial plan — which we sum up below — pulls some elements from the CARES Act, such as stimulus payments for eligible Americans and more unemployment benefits, while also suggesting new measures to provide additional financial help. Here’s what’s in it.

Biden would give you a second stimulus check

The CARES Act, passed in March, was the first stimulus package intended to help people financially affected by the pandemic. One of the most popular aspects of the act was a stimulus check of up to $1,200 stimulus check sent out to more than 160 million Americans. That direct aid caused a jump in household spending, helped millions from slipping into poverty and allowed others to save. Biden’s plan, like the one President Donald Trump is backing, will include more direct stimulus payments, but it doesn’t specify how many or for how much, or if any of the qualifications would change. Democrats and Republicans are currently negotiating for more stimulus relief that would include another round of direct payments, but the clock is ticking to get a bill passed.

There would be more unemployment benefits

Lockdowns across cities led to an unprecedented spike in unemployment, with more than 20 million people having lost their jobs back in May. To help those unemployed suddenly, the CARES Act provided a weekly bonus payment of $600 on top of unemployment benefits provided by the states. These extra funds expired at the end of July, and Trump restarted the bonus in August via an executive memo. This temporary relief provided $300 extra for six weeks and has since been exhausted, with only a new stimulus package capable of providing more funds. (Here’s every benefit that dries up if the stimulus isn’t renewed.) Biden’s plan doesn’t go into specifics on how much funding may be available. It does say a bill would boost unemployment benefits.

Extra money for monthly Social Security checks

There were no measures to boost Social Security in the CARES Act or in other relief packages since then. Biden’s stimulus plan calls for an additional $200 to be added to the monthly payments that go to Social Security recipients.

Federal pause on student loan debt

Included in the CARES Act was a forbearance for student loans. Individuals who owed money wouldn’t need to make payments or see any interest accrue until “the end of September,” according to Biden’s stimulus vision. If implemented in the future, there would, of course, be a different cutoff date. Back in August, Trump extended the forbearance until the end of 2020. Biden’s plan goes a different direction by offering a loan forgiveness of a $10,000 minimum. Sen. Elizabeth Warren, a Democrat from Massachusetts, outlined a plan to forgive the federal student loan debt back in September.

Other measures included in Biden’s plan

Biden’s plan also includes additional relief, including:

• More money for small businesses
• Emergency sick leave for everyone who needs it
• Fiscal relief for states
• No out-of-pocket money for COVID-19 testing, treatment and an eventual vaccine For more information on the stimulus package situation, read how to calculate your stimulus money, why you might receive an EIP card instead of a check and all the reasons your next check could be bigger.

---

下载开源日报APP：https://opensourcedaily.org/2579/
加入我们：https://opensourcedaily.org/about/join/
关注我们：https://opensourcedaily.org/about/love/

开源日报 每天推荐一个 GitHub 优质开源项目和一篇精选英文科技或编程文章原文，坚持阅读《开源日报》，保持每日学习的好习惯。
今日推荐开源项目：《ChinesePinyin-CodeCompletionHelper》
今日推荐英文原文：《How AI Will Make Nuclear Energy More Affordable》

---

今日推荐开源项目：《ChinesePinyin-CodeCompletionHelper》传送门：项目链接
推荐理由：中文编程又来了，这次支持的是 JetBrains 全家桶，有拼音输入补全，多音字无差别补全等功能，起名困难症患者的好帮手。

---

今日推荐英文原文：《How AI Will Make Nuclear Energy More Affordable》作者：Priya Aggarwal
原文链接：https://medium.com/generation-atomic/how-ai-can-make-nuclear-energy-cheaper-d2d2c1e4ab3
推荐理由：和其他传统工业不同，核工业鉴于它的特殊性，其机械化，智能化程度相对要低很多。不过更加先进的人工智能或许可以解决之前机器解决不了的问题。

How AI Will Make Nuclear Energy More Affordable

AI can eliminate many manual and tedious tasks and bring down design, operation, and waste management costs.

(Photo by Frédéric Paulussen on Unsplash)

Nuclear power is one of the cheapest forms of generating carbon-free energy but is instead known for being the opposite. While constructing a nuclear plant is expensive and recent projects in the US and EU have suffered from overruns, operating it is cheaper than many other energy sources. It also turns out that the reason for expensive construction is not entirely technical and often has political factors outside the control of the maker. So how can these costs be reduced?

A nuclear plant’s costs are made up from capital and operation costs. Capital costs include site preparation, engineering, manufacturing, construction, commissioning, and financing. Operating costs include fuel costs, maintenance, decommissioning, and waste disposal.

Capital costs can make up to 60% of the expense, if not more. Recent years have seen the launch of many startups who claim smaller, more modular designs will bring down the costs. The engineering, manufacturing, and construction expenses could come down a lot with pre-approved designs and economies of scale in their manufacturing.

What will also help is lowering design, maintenance, and decommissioning costs by automating many manual and tedious tasks using Artificial Intelligence. These tasks mostly need a highly skilled workforce and special processes when dealing with radioactive materials, whether for research, maintenance, or disposal.

(Photo by Markus Spiske on Unsplash)

Artificial Intelligence for Nuclear Energy

The field of AI is vast and researchers are trying to make nuclear technology more efficient by predicting accidents, material interactions, and radioactive leaks.

It’s not just researchers who are interested; some of the biggest nuclear plant designers like GE are also exploring machine learning techniques for predictive maintenance. They are coming up with ‘digital twins’ that can might help to bring down O&M costs by up to 10 times.

Here are some other examples of the many applications being studied.

Deep Learning-Based Crack Detection

Due to high temperatures and radiation that can damage a material, the reactor needs to be constantly inspected. This is a tedious yet highly skilled task that requires humans to watch hours of video footage. Reactor parts could also be underwater, which makes analyzing videos all the more difficult and prone to errors since cracks can be tiny and hazy. The study to make visual detection simpler with different algorithms claims to have noticed a 98.3% accuracy.

Predicting void swelling in irradiated materials

Neutrons are produced as part of the nuclear reaction. Over time, constant bombardment by neutrons can degrade the reactor vessel and impact its performance. There is a limit to how much a material can take before needing replacement. Much effort has been spent on predicting these changes and to develop more radiation-resistant materials to extend a reactor’s life, but this remains a challenge. Using machine learning, researchers are trying to predict the neutron ‘dose’ a metal can take before swelling starts and understand key factors that contribute to it.

Robots for nuclear waste

It is surprising how un-roboticised nuclear industry is, given its unconventional nature. But things may be changing. With more sophisticated robots trained to do specialized tasks like identifying, handling, and decommissioning waste, robots can carry out time-consuming tasks in zones where it is better to limit human access as radiation levels are high. Robots are also being trained for imaging radioactivity that can help in identifying residual contamination in facilities on walls, floors, etc.

Modeling Nuclear Processes

Argonne National Lab is trying to use machine learning to simulate the underlying mechanics that govern a nuclear reactor and then use it to improve safety and operations when designing a new reactor. For example, many thermal-hydraulic processes can be difficult to predict because of heavy computation requirements, but machine learning can help identify key factors influencing heat flow with faster running models.

Since the advent of nuclear energy, it has been one of the safest and cleanest forms of power generation, albeit not the cheapest to set up. But with more standardization and AI, costs are expected to go down as economies of scale, predictive maintenance and safer designs will allow designers to optimize how reactors are operated and maintained to bring down costs. This will allow them to compete with the now rock-bottom price of shale gas.

---

下载开源日报APP：https://opensourcedaily.org/2579/
加入我们：https://opensourcedaily.org/about/join/
关注我们：https://opensourcedaily.org/about/love/

开源日报 每天推荐一个 GitHub 优质开源项目和一篇精选英文科技或编程文章原文，坚持阅读《开源日报》，保持每日学习的好习惯。
今日推荐开源项目：《eladmin》
今日推荐英文原文：《Election 2020: Facebook, Twitter and YouTube wrestle with misinformation》

---

今日推荐开源项目：《eladmin》传送门：项目链接
推荐理由：项目基于Spring Boot 2.1.0 、 Jpa、 Spring Security、redis、Vue的前后端分离的后台管理系统，项目采用分模块开发方式， 权限控制采用RBAC，支持数据字典与数据权限管理，支持一键生成前后端代码，支持动态路由。

---

今日推荐英文原文：《Election 2020: Facebook, Twitter and YouTube wrestle with misinformation》作者：Andrew Morse, Queenie Wong, Richard Nieva
原文链接：https://www.cnet.com/news/election-2020-facebook-twitter-and-youtube-wrestle-with-misinformation/
推荐理由：被全球人围观的美国总统大选仍在继续, 推特治国的川普先生先后在推特发文, 搞出大动静. 总统先生尚且能够炮轰大选作弊, fake news更是在各个社交平台满天飞. 因此, 我们可以关注一下他们是如何处理这场舆论风波的.

Election 2020: Facebook, Twitter and YouTube wrestle with misinformation

Facebook, Twitter and YouTube continue to battle misinformation on their services as vote counts proceed in a tight and bitterly contested presidential election.

Among the challenges the social networks have faced: fake accounts posing as credible news organizations that falsely called the election, fake reports of Sharpies being used to suppress votes and live streams broadcasting bogus results. President Donald Trump has also used social media to baselessly claim the election was being stolen from him, creating another problem for the companies.

The three big social networks have all established policies for dealing with misinformation. The measures range from applying a label to questionable information to deleting posts and banning users. The election has kept them busy.

All the social networks label questionable posts and remove falsehoods if the content has the potential to incite violence. Facebook has a more hands-off approach to posts from politicians than Twitter, which has limited the reach of Trump’s tweets. On all election-related videos and search results, YouTube applies a warning that results may not be final.

Here are some of the most significant cases of misinformation and how the social networks responded.

Facebook

• By far the biggest challenge the social network faced was a late-night post by Trump alleging without evidence that he was “up BIG” and his political opponents were “trying to steal the election.” Facebook labeled the post with information that the vote count was ongoing and directed users to an election information center.
• Facebook added a label under a video shared on Trump’s page in which the president falsely claims, “Frankly, we did win this election.” Trump made the comment during a late address on election night. As of Thursday, the video has more than 12 million views.
• The social network shut down a massive group called “STOP THE STEAL” that was spreading false claims that Democrats were trying to swipe the election. The group had more than 364,000 members. Facebook was recommending live videos to users with election misinformation and Russian state-controlled media content, according to BuzzFeed News. The company pulled down some of the videos.

Twitter

• Twitter labeled Trump’s false allegation of election tampering as “disputed” and potentially “misleading.” It also obscured the president’s tweet, forcing users to click through to see it. Users can’t like the tweet and can share it only if they weigh in with their own comment.
• Twitter subsequently labeled and obscured several Trump tweets and retweets, including one calling to “STOP THE FRAUD!” There isn’t any evidence of election fraud. Twitter allowed a clip of Trump’s false victory claim during an election night television appearance to remain on the service without a label. Twitter said the video, which was shared by media outlets, didn’t violate its policies. The video, shared by the Trump campaign account, has more than 22 million views.
• Twitter suspended a group of accounts that posed as legitimate news organizations. Some of the accounts, which mimicked the Associated Press and CNN, spread false reports that Democrat Joe Biden had won the election. The groups appeared to be working together.

YouTube

• The Google-owned video-sharing service added a label under the video of Trump falsely claiming victory on election night. The video has more than 414,000 views on Trump’s channel. (The label, though, isn’t intended only for misinformation. It appears under all election-related videos and search results.)
• YouTube took down multiple videos livestreaming fake election results hours before polls closed anywhere in the country. The video streams, some of which ran ads that made the account holders money, were viewed by thousands of people before being removed. One of the channels carrying a stream appeared to have almost 1.5 million subscribers.
• YouTube has been criticized for refusing to take down two videos by One America News, a far right news organization, that falsely declare victory for Trump. Despite the false claims in the videos, YouTube said they don’t violate the platform’s rules, which focus more narrowly on voter suppression. The platform, though, will no longer show ads on the videos, depriving the network of revenue.

---

下载开源日报APP：https://opensourcedaily.org/2579/
加入我们：https://opensourcedaily.org/about/join/
关注我们：https://opensourcedaily.org/about/love/